Table 2
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Author | Sample | Age | Inclusion criteria | Cognitive function measurement tool | CG programme | EG programme | Time Frequency Length |
| Bateman et al. (2001) | GE = 70 GC = 72 | 16-65 years; GE = 41.7 ± 14.3; GC = 44.7 ± 13.3 | Brain injury | Trail Making Part B (seconds) | Relaxation | AT (cycloergometer) (60-80% HRmax) | 30 min 3 days 12 wk |
| Tang et al. (2016) | GE = 25 GC = 20 | 50-80 years; GE = 66 (62-71); GC = 64 (62-75) | > year STR; no aneurysms, tumours or infections | Trail Making Part B (seconds) | FFL and balance (<40% HRres) | AT (cycloergometer) (80% HRres) | 60 min 3 days 24 wk |
| Khattab et al. (2020) | GE = 25 GC = 25 | 50-80 years; GEM = 66.2; GEF = 65.6; GCM = 64.8; GCF = 70.1 | >1 year STR; W ski; 50- 80 years | FL and balance (<40% HRres) | AT (walking, ergometer, step-ups, etc.) (40-80% HRres) | 60 min 3 days 24 wk | |
| Studenski et al. (2005) | GE = 44 GC = 49 | GE = 68.5 ± 9.0 GC = 70.4 ± 11.3 | 30-150 days post STR; W ski 25 steps | FIM | Usual care: physiotherapy and health recommendations | ST with resistance bands, balance and AT (ergometer) | 60 min 3 days 12 wk |
| Kim & Yim (2017) | GE = 14 GC = 15 | GE = 50.71 ± 14.81; GC = 51.87 ± 17.42 | 3 months post STR, cognitive skills in good condition, W ski 10 m | KMOCA | Conventional physical therapy | Conventional physical therapy + physical exercise (ST of the upper limbs and AT with ergometer) | 60 min 3 days 6 wk |
| Ozdemir et al. (2001) | GE = 30 GC = 30 | 43-80 years; GE = 50.71 ± 14.81; GC = 51.87 ± 17.42 | Patients with STR | MMSE | Recommendations for the home | ST and FL | 120 min 5 days 8 wk |
| Quaney et al. (2009) | GE = 19 GC = 19 | GE = 64.10 ± 12.30; GC= 58.96 ± 14.68 | > months post STR; mobility both H | Trail Making Tests Parts A and B | FL in the home | AT (cycloergometer) (70% HR max) | 45 min 3 days 8 wk |
| Immink et al. (2014) | GE = 11 GC = 11 | GE = 56.1; GC = 63.2 | >1 year STR | Stroke Impact Scale domains | None | Yoga | 90 min 6 days 10 wk |
| Bo et al. (2019) | GE = 42 GC = 47 | GE = 65.12 ± 2.56; GC = 64.36 ± 2.31 | >6 months STR; conscious to understand verbal instructions, no serious medical conditions | Trail Making Part B | Cognitive training | AT, ST and balance (Borg scale 13-15) | 50 min 3 days 12 wk |
| Note. EG: experimental group; CG: control group; MEG: male experimental group; FEG: female experimental group; MCG: male control group; FCG: female control group; H: hemispheres; ski: skills; AT: aerobic training; ST: strength training; FL: flexibility; STR: stroke; W: walking; min: minutes; wk: weeks. | |||||||
