Table 1
Characteristics of qualitative studies included.
| Reference | Research design | Sample | Sample characteristics | Variables | Instruments | Game-fiction (Length) |
| Arufe-Giráldez (2019) | Action-research | NS = 47 | Physical Education Teacher Education | Satisfaction, values formation, motivation, cooperative working, gamified experience | Open-ended and closed-ended questionnaire | Fornite PE (~1 hour) |
| Monguillot-Hernando et al. (2015) | Action-research | NS = 99 NT = 2 | Secondary (2nd) | Healthy heart rate, motivation, gamified experience | Open-ended and closed-ended questionnaire, Systematic monitoring, Focus group (teachers) | Play the game (~12 hours) |
| Pérez-López & Rivera (2017) | Narrative-Evaluative | NS = 69 | College students from sports sciences | Learning, classroom environment, methodology and assessment, gamified experience | Form | The prophecy of the chosen ones (~60 h) |
| Pérez-López et al. (2017) | Narrative-Evaluative | NS = 69 | College students from sports sciences | Learning, classroom environment, methodology and assessment, gamified experience | Form | The Threat of the Sedentaris (~60 h) |
| Pérez-López et al. (2019) | Narrative-Evaluative | NS = 59 | College students from sports sciences (Nf = 16; Nm = 43) | Feelings, gamified experience | Open-ended questionnaire | Game of Thrones: the wrath of dragons (~60 h) |
| Rutberg & Lindqvist (2018) | Action-research | NS = 32 NT = 2 | Primary (Nf = 15; Nm = 17) | School transport active, motivation, learning, gamified experience | Focus group, Interview | Active School Transportation (four weeks) |
| Rouissi et al. (2020) | Action-research | NS = 102 | Secondary (3rd– 4th) and Bachelor (1st) (Nf = 53; Nm = 49) | Satisfaction, (dis)advantages of gamified experience and gender | Interview | Orienteering (~2 hours) |
| NS = Students sample; NT = Teacher sample; Nf = Female sample; Nm = Male sample | ||||||
