Table 2
Descriptive Statistics, Internal Consistency, Discriminant Validity, and Nomological Validity of the Study of the TPSAMS and Students’ Engagement
| M | SD | α | ω | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
| 1. TP students’ intrinsic motivation | 4.07 | 1.34 | .86 | .86 | – | ||||||
| 2. TP students’ identified regulation | 4.65 | 1.18 | .81 | .81 | .71*** | – | |||||
| 3. TP students’ introjected regulation | 4.02 | 1.24 | .85 | .86 | .87*** | .75*** | – | ||||
| 4. TP students’ external regulation | 4.93 | 1.08 | .77 | .77 | .44*** | .91*** | .52*** | – | |||
| 5. TP students’ amotivation | 4.08 | 1.18 | .80 | .82 | -.46*** | -.52*** | -.48*** | -.26** | – | ||
| 6. TP behavioral engagement | 3.97 | 0.67 | .90 | .90 | .50*** | .28*** | .27*** | .08 | -.28*** | – | |
| 7. TP emotional engagement | 3.49 | 0.77 | .89 | .89 | .32** | .18*** | .19*** | .06 | -.17*** | .35*** | – |
| Note. *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001. TP = Teachers’ perceptions. | |||||||||||
